Matting process



Feb. 8, 1938. v F. scHusTER 2,107,960-

MATTING PROCESS Filed April 4, 1935 Znren/or: 77 ohm; f

Ica-

Application April 4, 1935, Serial No. 14,692

i In Germany JD! 17, 1934 ll Claim.

This invention relates to a method of subduing the gloss on textile goods composed of silk or artificial silk, and more particularly stockings.

There are two possibilities of subduing the gloss peculiar to artificial silk or woven or knitted artificial silk fabrics by a matting process. Either the artificial silk thread is matted upon its production by adding to the viscose solution substances which result in a dull appearance of the filament or thread, or in the case of finished articles or fabrics matting is performed following the dyeing process by immersing the articles in a matting liquid.

The first mentioned process, the products of which will be referred to as matt spun, has the following disadvantages:

The substances used for matting purposes upon the production of the thread or filament, i. e., which completely penetrate the thread when the same leaves the spinning nozzles and are deposited therein in the form of crystals, cause a considerable decrease in the strength of the filament or thread, and accordingly 9. large per= centage of waste not only in the production but also when the thread is being woven, knitted or otherwise employed. This method in which, as already stated, the substances completely penetrate the thread, has undoubtedly a lasting effect; but by reason of the disadvantages referred to is hardly capable of being employed in practice.

In the second process, the products of'which will be referred to as matt dyed, the articles concerned, for example stockings, are dyed by immersion in a dyeing liquor, and are then immersed in a matting liquid. This latter, however, takes effect only on, the surface of the fabric or the single threads, as owing to the complete saturation the material is caused to contract and, not being stretched, it acquires folds, which are not varied even upon the re-- ciprocatory movement during the dyeing operation. In this case a thorough matting efiect such as applies to the matt spun products is not obtainable. The result, therefore, which is obtained by immersion is merely of short duration, as the textile goods, such as stockings or the like,

' quickly lose their matt appearance when washed.

Matt dyed goods are accompanied by a further disadvantage. The stockings for example, which are removed from the matting liquid in the wet state, are either dried by being placed over socalled sticks, or the liquid or moisture is expelled by treatment of the stockings in centrifugal apparatus. In either method of removing the moisture stripes and stains are produced on ample where the stocking is placed'over the stick a stripe is formed. This is also the case when drying in a centrifugal apparatus, in which a relatively large number of stockings rest one against the other.

It is the object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages aforesaid, and this is accomplished by. spraying the matting liquid on to the articles, for example the stockings, during the shaping operation when the stockings are mounted on forms. Preferably the matting liquid is sprayed on by means of nozzles.

The application of the liquid in a spraying operation has the advantage that the same is forced into the interiorof the capillary fibres, and accordingly thoroughly penetrates the fabric or thread, without the disadvantages which have been found to arise upon the matting of the filament or thread as the same leaves the spinarette, i. e., upon the production of the thread.

The disadvantages possessed by the matt dyed articles are also avoided, as the stockings are mounted on forms and the matting liquid is sprayed completely evenly on to or into the fabric by the nozzles. Owing to the mountingof'the stockings on forms the single fibres and threads are so exposed that the matting liquid, occasioned by the pressure of the spray, is readily able to penetrate into the interior of the capillary fibres.

The process according to the invention also. has, in its application to stockings, the particular advantage that under the spraying action the matting liquid penetrates also into the reinforcements of the stocking, for example into the seams, the sole and the like, permitting of a thorough and even matting of the entire stocking. It is also possible at first to spray the matting liquidon to the stockings mounted on forms, and then to subject the stockings to an additional treatment with the matting liquid by means of rollers.

It is desirable before spraying the matting liquid on to the stockings mounted on the forms to moisten the stockings by previously subjecting these, on the forms, to a wet treatment for the purpose of loosening the fibres of the fabric and making the same particularly susceptible to the matting liquid.

The invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates various forms of embodiment of an apparatus for carrying the invention into effect.

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of one form of embodiment of an apparatus for ,performing the process-according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the apparatus according .to Fig. 1. v

Fig. 3 shows a modified form of embodiment, in which the forms bearing the stockings are arranged to be stationary, whilst the device for spraying the matting liquid on to the stockings is movable upwards and downwards.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment similar to Fig. 3, in which, however, the forms, as in the arrangement according to Fig. 1, move along a prescribed path either in reciprocatory fashion or about a circular track.

Fig. 5 shows a form of embodiment, in which the forms for the stockings are movable upwards and downwards, whilst the spraying device for the matting liquid is arranged to be stationary.

In Figs. 1 and 2 there is shown a table or frame I, along which there runs a chain 2 over rollers 3 mounted on shafts 4. This assembly constitutes part of a machine of the known kind for the shaping and processing of stockings 'mounted on forms. The forms 5, on which the articles under treatment, in this case the stockings, are mounted, are detachably secured to the chain 2. Opposite to each other on either side of the chain 2 there are provided columns 8 bearing nozzles I, through which the matting liquid is sprayed against either side of the form as it passes between the columns 6. The stockings mounted on the forms 5 are thus thoroughly treated with the matting liquid, and after being ,thus treated, pass between a pair of vertical rollers l6 mounted in any suitable manner on a frame H. The forms 5 with the. stockings mounted thereon, pass between these rollers l6, and the stockings are thus subjected to a uniform rolling and pressing action.

In the form of embodiment according to Fig. 3 the forms 5 are mounted to be stationary on a suitable base, such as a table 5a. The two vertical pipes II, which are connected by means of the horizontal pipe ii, are made to be movable upwards and downwards by means of the guides ill on a stationary rod H in the direction of the arrow P. At the ends of the pipes i2 there are provided nozzles H. The pipe system and the nozzles are supplied with the matting liquid through the pipe IS. The stocking mounted. on the form is sprayed with the matting liquid on either side upon the upward and downward movement of the nozzles l4 along the form.

The arrangement may be such that either the assembly l2, l3, I4 may be conducted past a series of stationary forms, or a plurality of these assemblies may be provided side by side, so that any desired number of stockings may be treated simultaneously.

In the form of embodiment according to Fig. 4 the support 5b for the forms 5 is arranged to be movable, so that the forms, which are mounted on this support one behind the other, are moved vertically to the plane of the drawing. The support 5b may be a chain, as shown in Fig. 1, or it in the direction of the arrow P.- As in the form of. embodiment according to Fig. 3, the matting liquid is conducted to the nozzles through pipes l5a. The upward and downward movement of the nozzles Ila may be performed by chains,

cables, or also pneumatically or in other convenient fashion.

In the form of embodiment according to Fig. 5 the support 50 for the forms 5 is movable upwards and downwards within, a frame I in the direction of the arrow P; Arranged in permanent fashion within the frame are the columns 6a with the nozzles la. During the movement of .the support 50 in the direction of the arrow P .the stockings mounted on the forms 5 are sprayed evenly with the matting liquid emerging from the nozzles 1a. The matting liquid is conducted to the nozzles or columns through piping The method according to the invention may be employed with equal advantage for articles, such as stockings, composed either of pure silk or of artificial silk.

The matting liquid will usually consist of a solution of sodium sulphate or barium chloride.

As will be obvious from the above description, the apparatus required for the matting operation may be adapted or fitted in .ready or simple fashion to any existing stocking shaping machine.

It will of course be understood that no limitation is made to the particular forms of embodiment described in the above, which have been quoted by way of example merely to indicate in what manner the process according to the invention may be utilized in actual practice, and that numerous modifications are quite possible within the meaning of the annexed claim without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

The method which consists in mounting silk or artificial silk articles on forms,- applying a preliminary moistening treatment to the articles for the purpose of loosening the fibers of the fabric, spraying a matting liquid onto the said pretreated articles during the shaping operation on the said forms so as to forcibly impregnate the loosened fibers of the fabric, and finally subjecting the articles to a uniform rolling and pressing action, whereby to ensure a uniform distribution of the matting liquid over the surface of the fabric.

FRITZ SCHUSTER. 

